Dr. Kaman Singh

Designation:         Reader

Branch:                  Physical Chemistry

Specialization:      Solid State Chemistry

                                Spectroscopy

                                Electrochemistry

                                Material Science

                                Sugar Colorimetry

Date of Birth:       December 21, 1965

Residence:           11 Readers’ Flat,

                               Faizabad Road

                               Babuganj, Lucknow - 226007

Phone:                   941-540-9189

email:                     drkamansingh@yahoo.com

Academics

• Ph. D., 1994, National Sugar Institute, Kanpur  STUDIES ON REDOX BEHAVIOUR OF IRON IN SUGARS under the supervision of Prof. Mahendra Prasad, Director, NSI, Kanpur

• M. Sc.1989 University of Lucknow, Lucknow

• B.Sc. 1986 Kumaun University, Nainital

Professional Training

• Orientation Program                            3.5.96 to 31-5-96           ASC, Lucknow University

• Refresher Course (Environment)           2-12-98 to 22-12-98       ASC, DAVV, Indore,

• Refresher Course (Chemistry)               1-7-99 to 28-7-99           ASC, Lucknow University

• Refresher Course (Chemistry)               8-10-01 to 28-12-01       ASC, Lucknow, Lucknow

Employment

• Reader, Department of Chemistry, Lucknow University, Lucknow,  01.01.05- till date

• Asst. Professor (12000-420-18300) Commissioner, M.P. Higher Education Service, Bhopal  M.P16-10-02- 31.12.04

• Asst. Professor (10000-325-15200)  Secretary, M.P. Higher Education Service, Bhopal, M.P.15-10-98- 15-10-02

• Asst. Professor (8000-275-13500) Secretary, M.P. Higher Education Service, Bhopal, M.P.16-10-93-14-10-98

Honors

• Proposal for sugar standard has been accepted by ICUMSA for International Collaborative  Study.

• Awarded STAI Silver Medal for presenting the best paper by the Sugar Technologists’ Association of India, New Delhi at its Annual Convention held at Hyderabad from August 14-16, 2005.

• Received US $ 300 as research contribution for publishing three research papers in an international journal.

• One article associated with public interest entitled “Fluoride Scenario: Some Preventive Steps” has been published in Yojana (Ministry if Information & Broadcasting) June 2004, Vol 48, No 6, p 47.

• Awarded  Junior Research Fellowship of U.G.C. in 1991 but not availed.

• Awarded J.R.F. & S.R.F. of Ministry of Food, Government of India, during 1991-93. Selection is through National Level Exam followed by an interview.

• Qualified in GATE 1992 Exam.

• Qualified Lecturership Eligibility Test (NET) for Universities/Colleges conducted by C.S.I.R.-U.G.C., December, 1990.

• Selected for the post of Assistant Professor (Physical Chemistry) by M.P. Public Service Commission, Selection is through National Level Assistant Professors Exam, 1990 followed by an interview. Out of 54 selected candidates placed at 12^th position in the Merit List.

• Resource Person: SC/ST UGC NET Coaching Center, University of Lucknow.

Memberships

• Nominated Member  (2004-08) of Indian National Committee of ICUMSA (International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis).

• ISSCT (International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists).

• Fellow Member: Material Research Society of India.

• Fellow Member: Indian Chemical Society, Kolkatta.

• Fellow Member: Sugar Technologists’ Association of India, New Delhi.

Recent Publications

• Some comments on sugar solution colorimetry, Int. Sugar J., 2007,109, 645.

• Determination of the acidity constant of sucrose and allied crystalline products: its relevance to sugar solution colorimetry, Zuckerindustrie, 2007,132(2), 100-104.

• White sugar solution colorimetry vis-a-vis wavelength, Zuckerindustrie, 2007,132(7), 1561-567.

• National Scenario of fluorosis: The visible villain, Ind. J. Env. Protn., 2007, 27, 740-750.

• Use of buffers in sugar solution colorimetry, 2007, Proc. Sugar Tech. Assoc. (India), 68, 32-42.

• Solid state conductance in sucrose and its allied crystalline products, Kaman Singh & M. Prasad, J. Indian Chem. Soc, 2005,  82, 337-340.

• Adsorption behavior of selected monosaccharides onto an alumina interface, Kaman Singh & S.Mohan, J. Colloid and Interface Science, 2004, 270, 21-28.

• Kinetic studies of the sucrose adsorption onto an alumina interface, Kaman Singh & S.Mohan, Applied Surface Science, 2004, 221 ,308-311.

• PVA and malachite green: a new reagent system for the micro determination of phosphate in water and wastewater,  Kaman Singh & A.K.Shukla, Indian J Env. Health 2004

• Tween-20 and malachite green: a new reagent system for the micro determination of phosphate in water and wastewater Kaman Singh & V.K. Dwivedi, J. Indian Chem. Soc.  2003, 80.

• Kinetic study of crystal colouration during crystallization of sucrose, Kaman Singh & S. Mohan, Indian J. Chem. Tech. 2003, 10,386-390.

• Formation-isolation of iron-sucrose chelate and its physicochemical  analysis, Kaman Singh & A.K. Shukla Taiwan Sugar, 2002,49(2), 8-11.

• Electrochemical and viscous properties of humic acid isolated from clarified cane juice, Kaman Singh, Int. Sugar Jnl, 2000, 102, 355-362

• Evaluation of material colour in aqueous sugar solution at 200 nm as a measurement of its impurity. Kaman Singh Et.al, Taiwan Sugar, 2000,47(2), 19-24.

Review Articles

• The Solid State Chemistry of Sucrose Kaman Singh Sugar Tech.Assoc., 2004, 65,25-34

• Standard Control Method of White Sugar Solution Colour Determination: A Proposal Based on Strictly Scientific Principle Kaman Singh Sugar Tech. Assoc., 2004, 66, 35-60

• Colour, Turbidity and Colourants of Sugar Products : Current Scenario Kaman Singh et al Sugar Tech. Assoc. (India), 2003, 65, 13-47.

Projects in Hand

ICUMSA* (ESTD: 1897)

 INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION FOR UNIFORM METHODS OF SUGAR ANALYSIS

It is an International Organization solely concerned with the analytical methods for sugar analysis for the world sugar trade. Today it has a history of over 100 years and its parameters are strictly followed by the esteemed organizations like ISO, WTO, Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO & WHO) and Food and Sugar Market Legislations of various countries. ICUMSA organizes its Meet every 2 years (previously 4 yrs) in one of its member country. India is also a member country of this esteemed organization. This year, it has organized its 26^th session in Florida (USA) from 1^st to 3^rd October 2008.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR SUGAR EXPORT AS PER ICUMSA NORMS

1. At pH = 7.0 the colour of WHITE SUGAR should be < 50 ICUMSA unit

2. For Indian Plantation White Sugar colour should be < 150 ICUMSA Unit

FACT FILE OF SUGAR STANDARD DEVELOPMENT

1.     1954-1978: Only one Official method for measuring sugar quality at its own pH (No pH adjustment by adding any buffer chemical).

2.     1978- However, at the Montreal Session of the ICUMSA (1978) a recommendation was proposed that sugar solution should be standardized at pH 7.0 prior to quality determination. Subsequently a decision to change the method was taken up at the 20^th ICUMSA session (Colorado, 1990) using TEA buffer (pH 7.0). Since then, topic has received interest.

3.     2002: pH-standard at pH 7.0 using TEA buffers was accorded official Status for world sugar trade. Subsequently, when Indian sugar was tested, it revealed that colour increases by 30% of the colour value recorded at its “natural pH of 6.4 to 6.5”. It puts Indian sugar at disadvantage in international market. Indian National Committee opposed this nefarious effort of which I have also been a member from the last 6 years.

4.      8-9 April 2004 (Atalanta Agreement): The nefarious and unscientific effort to dissolve sugars in buffers at pH 7.0 was discarded. Instead, a New Buffer (MOPS) at pH 7.0 was introduced and sugar was divided into two separate commodities. Consequently, a separate Subject  (GS-9) was created for Indian Sugar within ICUMSA that leaded inferiority of Indian sugar over other sugar products and considerable loss of National premium. Before this, PMWS was considered as WHITE SUGAR.

5.     2004: I personally challenged Atalanta Agreement through New Years Greeting Card 2004 entitled “THE POLITICS OF pH”.

6.     Impact of Arbitrary pH 7.0 on Quality of Indian Sugar

(i)               Indian sugar can not be considered as “White Sugar”

(ii)            Indian sugar will not be able to complete in “International Market”.

(iii)          It cannot be considered suitable for use in “soft drinks”.

(iv)          It cannot be considered suitable for use in many “food products’

             Thus, it is evident to deteriorate the prospectus of Indian sugar in the global market.

7.     24 November 2004:  Aggrieved by this resolution that prima facie appears contradictory to the scientific spirit and completely based on arbitrary foundations I appealed to the Honorable ICUMSA President Prof Vaccari, advocating for the standardization of pH for quality analysis method at the NATURAL pH of extreme quality (99.98% pure) sugar, i.e., 6.4, that affirms the scientific basis. The details of the scientific basis how to arrive at actual pH of 6.4 have been published in International Journals (Eight major publications in the relevant field).

8.       December 3, 2004:  The Honorable ICUMSA President Prof Vaccari forwarded my letter to all the Referees involved in this problem so that they could deicide the inclusion of my views in Referees Reports to be presented at the next sessions of ICUMSA (Brazil 2006).

9.        April 2006: The General Secretary of the ICUMSA Dr. Hanjo Puke mailed a letter to Indian National Committee (INC) of ICUMSA in connection with my correspondence to ICUMSA Secretariat.

10.                        27^th April, 2006: The INC took the cognizance of Dr. Puke’s letter and my Membership was terminated with immediate effect without any justification at all. The version of the Proceedings is being reproduced herewith:-

          Dear Sir,

           As you are an Member of the ICUMSA National Committee on ICUMSA and you had been told in several meetings in the past that as a member of the Indian National committee you are not supposed to address communication to ICUMSA head office directly. In the past you had done so and you were informed by the Hon’ble secretary vide his letter dt. That you are not supposed to do the same. It has been observed that persistently you have been violating this protocol to a very disrepute by your latest letter and even the specially designed greeting card that you sent to the President ICUMSA and other experts of ICUMSA. You are perhaps aware that Dr. Puke has taken a very serious objection to your letter and he has circulated the same to all the colleagues in ICUMSA. Below is the letter of Dr. Puke reproduced for your information.”

  “In a scientific community, everybody should have the right to express his point of view on a certain scientific question. This has always been a principle of our work in ICUMSA and therefore, it seems to be necessary to give Prof. Kaman Singh the opportunity to present his opinion on pH and on determination of colour in solution of sugar. However, the ICUMSA Session cannot be a platform to fight out animosities existing within the INC.

Prof. Singh has expressed his pointy of view already in his letter to Prof. Vaccari on 24^th November 2004 (Enclosure). This letter, however, and as well his “Christmas Card” on the “Politics of pH” (Enclosure), seam to indicate, that he does not intend to discuss new aspects of the Atlanta Meeting, but that he wants toexpand his aggression against Dr. Keskar to our whole organization (Dr. Keskar’s comment enclosed). To my opinion, the arguing of Prof. Singh gives no reason to reiterate the discussion on adjustment of pH in colour determination, and we should carefully consider the usefulness of his presentation. Please let me know your opinion.

Best regards.

Hanjo Puke”

        NOTICE SERVED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE STAI (INC) AS FOLLOWING TO Dr. PUKE’S LETTER

      “YOU WILL NOTE FROM THAT IT IS A VERY DISGRACEFUL MATTER AND IT HAS   BROUGHT DOWN THE REPUTATION OF THE INC. IN VIEW OF YOUR PERSISTENT VIOLATION OF CODE OF CONDUCT AND PROTOCOL, THE COMMITTEE HAS DECIDED TO TERMINATE YOUR MEMBERSHIP OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE, WHICH DECISION, I DO HEREBY COMMUNICATE TO YOU. PLEASE NOTE”

11.                        17 May, 2006: I requested to Hon’ble Minister for Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Honorable Shri Sharad Pawar Ji with a request to look into this sensitive issue in entirety keeping in view the best interest of our country in the field of sugar.

12.                        27 August 2006: I re-appealed to ICUMSA Secretariat and Honorable Referees of the ICUMSA about scientific proposal for fixation of Standard at pH = 6.4. Many Referees responded to my proposal.

13.                         Sept 9-11, 2006: The INC requested me to present my views at its Meeting held on Sept 9-11, 2006 at New Delhi. I conceived that this happened as a consequence of my correspondence to Honorable Shri Sharad Pawar Ji, Hon’ble Minister for Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Govt. of India.

14.                        Sept 20-22, 2006: The INC on ICUMSA decided to make a presentation based on my Research Proposal “SELECTION OF pH FOR MEASUREMENT OF SUGAR SOLUTION COLOUR” at 25^th ICUMSA Meeting (Brazil) and the same was presented Officially at Brazil Session of the ICUMSA (Sept 20-22, 2006).

15.                        October10, 2006: The INC reinstated my membership to INC of ICUMSA.

ICUMSA 2008 (FLORIDA, USA, 1-3 OCT, 2008)

Since, as per the IUPAC-1989 Protocol, for the acceptance of any new method proposed, results have to be authenticated by analyzing the reports of the tests conducted at least in six different laboratories. I made repeated requests to the INC President and Convenor to comply with the IUPAC Protocol, but no response was given to my request, thus, I personally initiated the process at my own expenses and conducted the test in 6 labs across the country and accumulated the results, which found to be concurrent and very satisfactory. A comprehensive report based on the acquired data was Officially presented by me at the 26^th ICUMSA Meeting held at Florida from October 1 to 3, 2008. The Report has been very well received by the attendees.

Sir, this is perhaps the first time in the History of ICUMSA that the Poster paper have allowed to present Orally and Officially at the concluding session of the ICUMSA Meeting. After my presentation, the Hon’ble President Mr. Parkin asked for any COMMENT or OBJECTION. In fact, there was a pin drop silence; no comment or no objection came from any corner. But Mr. Parkin opined that many National Committee members are not present, hence, final decision could not be possible right now. Then, I appealed to the President that we wanted at least an assurance from ICUMSA for further future course of action like INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE TEST for its OFFICIAL STATUS and then he asked for Recommendation from the Referee. Then, the Subject Referee made a Recommendation for International Collaborative Test on my Proposal. The President Mr. Parkin further directed Dr. Bruns (The Publisher of Bartens) for publication of my presentation in toto in ICUMSA Proceedings. I hope, this would lead to generate New Dimensions in the world sugar trade.

MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS

1.     ICUMSA ultimately got convinced and my proposal to fix standard at pH 6.4 for sugar quality determination has been ACCEPTED FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE STUDY (ICS).

2.     The findings will be placed before next session of ICUMSA  (New Orleans, 2010) for its   OFFICIAL STATUS.

OVERALL IMPACT ON INDIAN SUGAR INDUSTRY

(i)               Indian sugar will be considered as “White Sugar” against “raw sugar” as considered today in the International market.

(ii)            Indian sugar will be able to compete in “International Market”.

(iii)          It can be considered suitable for use in “soft drinks”.

(iv)          It can be considered suitable for use in many “food products